Hello Everyone, My name is Manjeet Singh. Today we will Discuss about Conductors, Insulators and Dielectrics. So let's Start...
CONDUCTORS, INSULATORS AND DIELECTRICS
Most of the substance in nature are divided into two categories, namely, conductors and insulators.
A substance which can be used to carry or conduct electric charge from one place to the other is called a conductor. Silver is one of the best conductors. Other examples of conductors are copper, iron, aluminium, mercury, coal etc. Earth is a good conductor. Human body is also a good conductor of electricity. The liquid Conductors include, salt solutions, acids, alkalis etc.
In a metallic conductor, there are a large no. of free electrons which act as carries of charge. Infact, in a metal, the outer (valence) electrons part away from their atoms and are free to roam about in the body of the metal, but they cannot leave the metal under normal circumstance. The free electrons from a kind of electron gas, they collide with one another ; and also with the ions ; and move randomly in different directions. In an External electric field, the free elections drift against the direction of the field. The residual atoms made up of nuclei and the bound electrons remain held in their fixed positions. They constitute the bound charges in the conductor as they cannot move. In Electrolytic conductors, the charge carries are both, the positive and negative ions.
The insulators are the materials which cannot conduct electricity, i.e., they are poor conductors of electricity. Common examples of insulators are glass, rubber, plastic, ebonite, mica, wax, paper, wood etc. They are called insulators, because they prevent charge from going to places where it is not desired. Such substances possess a negligibly small number of free electrons.
Infact, in an insulator, each electron is attached or bound to a particular atom and is not free to move in the body of the insulator. As each electron stays near its 'parent' nucleus or within its atom or molecule, and cannot move far away from it, therefore, an insulator does not possess freely movable charges. Hence it fails to conduct electricity.
RETAIN IN MEMORY
Insulators are also called Dielectrics. Obviously, dielectrics cannot conduct electricity. However, when an external electric field is applied, induced charges appear on the surface of the dielectric. Hence we may define dielectrics as the insulating materials which transmit electric effects without conducting.
When some charge is transferred to a conductor, it gets distributed readily over the entire surface of the conductor. In contrast, if some charge is put on an insulator, it stays at the same place.
A nylon or plastic comb gets electrified on combing dry hair or on rubbing. But a metallic rod does not get electrified on rubbing. This is because charges on metal leak through our body to the ground as both are good conductors of electricity.
When a charged body is brought in contact with the earth, all the excess charge on the body disappears by causing a momentary current to pass to the ground through our body. This process of sharing charges with the earth is called grounding or earthing. Earthing near the mains supply of a building is done by burying deep into earth, a thick metal plate. The electric wiring in our houses has three wires ; live, neutral and earth. The first two carry electric current from the power station and the third (earth) is connected to the buried metal plate. Metallic bodies of appliances like T.V., Frig., electric iron etc. are connected to earth wire. If a live wire were to touch the metallic body, charge flows to earth without damaging the appliance and without causing injury to us.
If You satisfied with this information then like, comment and share this article with your Friends. Thanks...
Created By Manjeet Singh...
CONDUCTORS, INSULATORS AND DIELECTRICS
Most of the substance in nature are divided into two categories, namely, conductors and insulators.
A substance which can be used to carry or conduct electric charge from one place to the other is called a conductor. Silver is one of the best conductors. Other examples of conductors are copper, iron, aluminium, mercury, coal etc. Earth is a good conductor. Human body is also a good conductor of electricity. The liquid Conductors include, salt solutions, acids, alkalis etc.
In a metallic conductor, there are a large no. of free electrons which act as carries of charge. Infact, in a metal, the outer (valence) electrons part away from their atoms and are free to roam about in the body of the metal, but they cannot leave the metal under normal circumstance. The free electrons from a kind of electron gas, they collide with one another ; and also with the ions ; and move randomly in different directions. In an External electric field, the free elections drift against the direction of the field. The residual atoms made up of nuclei and the bound electrons remain held in their fixed positions. They constitute the bound charges in the conductor as they cannot move. In Electrolytic conductors, the charge carries are both, the positive and negative ions.
The insulators are the materials which cannot conduct electricity, i.e., they are poor conductors of electricity. Common examples of insulators are glass, rubber, plastic, ebonite, mica, wax, paper, wood etc. They are called insulators, because they prevent charge from going to places where it is not desired. Such substances possess a negligibly small number of free electrons.
Infact, in an insulator, each electron is attached or bound to a particular atom and is not free to move in the body of the insulator. As each electron stays near its 'parent' nucleus or within its atom or molecule, and cannot move far away from it, therefore, an insulator does not possess freely movable charges. Hence it fails to conduct electricity.
RETAIN IN MEMORY
Insulators are also called Dielectrics. Obviously, dielectrics cannot conduct electricity. However, when an external electric field is applied, induced charges appear on the surface of the dielectric. Hence we may define dielectrics as the insulating materials which transmit electric effects without conducting.
When some charge is transferred to a conductor, it gets distributed readily over the entire surface of the conductor. In contrast, if some charge is put on an insulator, it stays at the same place.
A nylon or plastic comb gets electrified on combing dry hair or on rubbing. But a metallic rod does not get electrified on rubbing. This is because charges on metal leak through our body to the ground as both are good conductors of electricity.
When a charged body is brought in contact with the earth, all the excess charge on the body disappears by causing a momentary current to pass to the ground through our body. This process of sharing charges with the earth is called grounding or earthing. Earthing near the mains supply of a building is done by burying deep into earth, a thick metal plate. The electric wiring in our houses has three wires ; live, neutral and earth. The first two carry electric current from the power station and the third (earth) is connected to the buried metal plate. Metallic bodies of appliances like T.V., Frig., electric iron etc. are connected to earth wire. If a live wire were to touch the metallic body, charge flows to earth without damaging the appliance and without causing injury to us.
If You satisfied with this information then like, comment and share this article with your Friends. Thanks...
Created By Manjeet Singh...
I simply want to tell you that I am new to weblog and definitely liked this blog site. Very likely I’m going to bookmark your blog . You absolutely have wonderful stories. Cheers for sharing with us your blog. power bank
ReplyDeletecreativity of writer is purely impressive. It has touched to the level of expertise with his writing. Everything is up to the mark. Written perfectly and I can use such information for my coming assignment.
ReplyDeleteHome theatre power protection
Consummate case of hypothesis, compassion and expression. Here I took in another approach to theorize through writer's written work. It enabled me to feel another approach to estimate your considerations and express them in a simple and clear way. schiphol taxi delft
ReplyDeleteThanks for the nice blog. It was very useful for me. I'm happy I found this blog. Thank you for sharing with us,I too always learn something new from your post. names of shops
ReplyDeleteGreat job for publishing such a beneficial web site. Your web log isn’t only useful but it is additionally really creative too. printing names
ReplyDeleteNice blog, I will keep visiting this blog very often. unique business names
ReplyDeleteI found this is an informative and interesting post so i think so it is very useful and knowledgeable. I would like to thank you for the efforts you have made in writing this article. creative business name
ReplyDeleteThis article was written by a real thinking writer. I agree many of the with the solid points made by the writer. I’ll be back. tech company names
ReplyDelete